The Sino-Indian War of 1962 was a conflict between India and China that occurred primarily over disputed border areas. The dispute centered around two main regions: Aksai Chin in the western Himalayas, which India claimed as its own, and the northeastern state of Arunachal Pradesh, which China referred to as South Tibet and sought to assert control over.

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Tensions had been simmering for years, stemming from differing interpretations of the border demarcations set by the British colonial era. In October 1962, these tensions escalated into a full-scale conflict when China launched a military offensive, catching India largely unprepared. The war lasted for about a month, with significant casualties on both sides.

The conflict ended in November 1962 with a ceasefire, and China declared a unilateral ceasefire and withdrew its troops from most of the territories it had captured. However, the border dispute remained unresolved, and a de facto boundary known as the Line of Actual Control (LAC) was established, which has continued to be a source of tension between India and China.

The Sino-Indian War of 1962 had lasting implications for both countries' relations and their approach to border issues. It remains a historical and diplomatic challenge for India and China, with periodic border skirmishes and negotiations taking place to this day.